fig5

Figure 5. (A) Schematic illustration of the preparation of N- and Fe-doped carbon-based catalysts recovered from spent LIBs. Quoted with permission from Ruan et al.^[58]; (B) Schematic diagram of reaction mechanism of CuO/C catalyst recovered from spent LIBs to activate PS for RhB degradation. Quoted with permission from Zhao et al.^[59]. LIBs: Lithium-ion batteries; PS: peroxymonosulfate; RhB: Rhodamine B.